Hormonal and Psychogenic Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Men with HTLV-1

IntroductionErectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with neurological damage due to human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection, but hormonal and psychogenic factors also cause ED.AimTo evaluate the association of psychogenic and hormonal factors with ED in men infected with HTLV-1.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we compared total testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and neurologic manifestations in HTLV-1-infected men with or without ED. The International Index of Erectile Function was used to determine the degree of ED. Participants were grouped according to Osame’s Motor Disability Scale and the Expanded Disability Status Scale: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), probable HAM/TSP, or HTLV-1 carrier. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare the groups, and regression analyses were used to show predictors of ED.Main Outcome MeasureSexual hormonal levels, psychogenic factors, and neurologic disabilities were found to be associated with ED.ResultsED was associated with age older than 60 years (P < .001), degree of neurologic involvement (P < .001), depression (P = .009), and anxiety (P = .008). In the multivariate analyses, only age and degree of neurological injury remained as risk factors for ED.Clinical ImplicationsNeurological manifestations are a stronger predictor of ED than hormonal and psychogenic factors in HTLV-1-infected men.Strengths & LimitationsThe statistical power of the study was limited due to the low number of participants, but neurologic manifestations were clearly associated with ED. There was no strong association between hormonal and psychogenic factors and ED.ConclusionHormonal and psychogenic factors did not show a strong association with ED in individuals with HTLV-1, but neurological manifestations were strongly associated with ED in these individuals.de Oliveira CJV, Neto, JAC, Andrade RCP, et al. Hormonal and Psychogenic Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Men with HTLV–1. J Sex Med 2019; 16:1763–1768.     

"肺炎1号"治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎451例多中心临床研究

目的:观察“肺炎1号”治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床疗效。方法:选取2020年2月17日至2020年3月15日湖北省中医院、监利县中医院、蕲春县人民医院、潜江市中医院、洪湖市中医医院、阳新县中医医院、浠水县中医院、大冶市中医医院、汉川市人民医院、武昌方舱医院收治的新型冠状病毒肺炎患者451例,采用“肺炎1号”联合西医常规治疗,观察“肺炎1号”对新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的临床症状、舌象、实验室检查结果及肺部CT情况。结果:共纳入451例患者,其中轻型21例,普通型378例,重型46例,危重型6例。疑似病例6例(1.33%),临床诊断病例168例(37.25%),确诊病例277例(61.42%)。治疗后与治疗前比较,患者发热、咳嗽、乏力主要症状发生率显著降低(P<0.05);恶寒、鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏、咽部痒、咽痛、呼吸困难、胸闷、肌肉酸痛或关节疼痛、头晕头痛、纳差、恶心呕吐、腹胀、大便稀溏症状发生率显著改善(P<0.05);白细胞计数、中性粒细胞绝对值变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);淋巴细胞绝对值明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);C反应蛋白、降钙素原明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。退热时间3(1～3.25)d。229例患者舌质由红或绛逐渐转为淡红,好转率为75.58%;177例患者白腻苔、厚腻苔、黄腻苔明显变薄,好转率为65.31%。新型冠状病毒核酸转阴时间为8(5,11)d。415例(92.02%)肺部CT明显好转,主要表现在病灶面积减小,变薄变淡。达到出院标准430例,临床治愈率95.34%;好转15例;无效3例;死亡3例(0.67%)。治疗过程中,未见明显不良反应,临床应用安全。结论:“肺炎1号”结合西医常规治疗对新型冠状病毒肺炎有较好的治疗作用,能够快速稳定病情,阻断轻型、普通型向重型、危重型转化;明显改善患者临床症状;较好促进肺部炎性反应吸收;使用安全可靠。     

Activity of tedizolid against gram-positive clinical isolates causing infections in Europe and surrounding areas (2014–2015)

Activities of tedizolid and comparators were evaluated against gram-positive isolates responsible for skin and skin structure infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections. Non-duplicate gram-positive isolates (8011) were collected from 20 European countries/regions.

Tedizolid (0.12?mg/L) showed similar results of minimum inhibitory concentration required to inhibit the growth of 50% of organisms (MIC₅₀) regardless of pathogen/group or infection type, except for coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, and viridans group streptococci (VGS), against which tedizolid had MIC₅₀ values of 0.06, 0.25, and 0.06?mg/L, respectively. Similar results of tedizolid MIC₅₀ and minimum inhibitory concentration required to inhibit the growth of 90% of organisms (MIC₉₀) (MIC_50/90, 0.12/0.12?mg/L) were obtained against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus. Tedizolid, linezolid, and daptomycin were active against enterococci. Tedizolid (MIC₉₀, 0.12–0.25?mg/L), ceftaroline (MIC₉₀, 0.12?mg/L), and vancomycin (MIC₉₀, 0.25–0.5?mg/L) had the lowest MIC₉₀ values against Streptococcus pneumoniae and VGS, whereas ceftaroline (MIC₉₀, ≤0.015?mg/L), penicillin (MIC₉₀, ≤0.06?mg/L), ceftriaxone (MIC₉₀, ≤0.06–0.12?mg/L), and tedizolid (MIC₉₀, 0.12?mg/L) were the most potent against β-haemolytic streptococci.

Tedizolid displayed potent activity against gram-positive isolates from Europe, regardless of infection type.     

基于信息化的社区骨关节炎患者多学科管理模式构建及应用研究

背景 骨关节炎致残、致畸率高，可合并多种身心疾病，但早期症状不明显。当前社区骨关节炎的管理存在管治不协调、方法不健全、制度不完善等问题。 目的 构建并评价基于信息化的社区骨关节炎多学科管理模式，以促进对社区骨关节炎患者的管理，改善患者疾病预后。 方法 首先构建社区骨关节炎患者的多学科管理模式，包含基于危险因素分层的患者分级管理流程、多学科管理团队及其诊治分工，然后构建基于信息化的多学科管理流程，并完成信息软件开发。选取2019年7月至2020年7月在上海市定海、大桥社区卫生服务中心全科门诊，以及杨浦区中心医院骨科门诊就诊的膝骨关节炎患者80例为研究对象，采用随机数表法将其分为普通组和多学科组，各40例。普通组采用常规治疗模式，多学科组在此基础上进行基于信息化的多学科管理。分别于治疗前和治疗12周后评估两组患者的视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分、西安大略麦克马斯特大学（WOMAC）骨关节炎指数、关节炎生活质量测量量表（AIMS2）评分、健康素养管理量表（HeLMS）评分、体质指数（BMI）。 结果 治疗前，多学科组和普通组膝骨关节炎患者的VAS评分、WOMAC骨关节炎指数、AIMS2评分、HeLMS评分、BMI比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗12周后，多学科组和普通组膝骨关节炎患者的VAS评分、WOMAC骨关节炎指数低于治疗前，AIMS2总分、HeLMS总分高于治疗前，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗12周后，多学科组患者AIMS2总分、HeLMS总分高于普通组，VAS评分、WOMAC骨关节炎指数、BMI均低于普通组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 对膝骨关节炎患者实施基于信息化的社区骨关节炎患者多学科管理模式，可有效减轻患者的关节疼痛和体质量，提高患者的日常生活能力和健康素养，改善患者的生活质量，延缓患者的病情进展。     

Primary vaccination in adult patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation – A single center retrospective efficacy analysis

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) results in a loss of humoral immunity and subsequent risk for severe infections. Thus, re-vaccination is required but may fail due to incomplete immune reconstitution. We retrospectively analyzed predictors of immune response to primary vaccination applied according to the EBMT (European Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group) recommendations. Serologic response to vaccination against diphtheria (D), tetanus (T), Bordetella pertussis (aP) and Haemophilus influenzae (Hib) (administrated as combined DTaP-Hib-IPV vaccination) was studied in 84 alloHSCT patients transplanted between 2008 and 2015 (age at alloHSCT: 18.6–70.6 years). All patients with a relapse-free survival of ≥9 months, at least 3 consecutive vaccinations and absence of intravenous immunoglobulin administration within 3 months before and after vaccination met the primary inclusion criteria. Additionally, immunological response to a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was analyzed in a subgroup of 67 patients. Patients’ characteristics at the time of first vaccination were recorded. Responses were measured as vaccine-specific antibody titers. Regarding DTaP-Hib-IPV vaccination, 89.3% (n = 75) of all patients achieved protective titers to at least 3 of the 4 vaccine components and were thus considered responders. 10.7% (n = 9) of the patients were classified as non-responders with positive immune response to less than 3 components. Highest response was observed for Hib (97.4%), tetanus (95.2%) and pneumococcal vaccination (83.6%) while only 68.3% responded to vaccination against Bordetella pertussis. Significant risk factors for failure of vaccination response included low B cell counts (p < 0.001; cut-off: 0.05 B cells/nl) and low IgG levels (p = 0.026; mean IgG of responders 816 mg/dl vs. 475 mg/dl of non-responders). Further, a trend was observed that prior cGvHD impairs vaccination response as 88.9% of the non-responders but only 54.7% of the responders had prior cGvHD (p = 0.073). The results demonstrate, that the currently proposed vaccination strategy leads to seroprotection in the majority of alloHSCT patients.     

Subthalamic dynamic neural states correlate with motor symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease

ObjectiveThis study aims to discriminate the dynamic synchronization states from the subthalamic local field potentials and investigate their correlations with the motor symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease (PD).MethodsThe resting-state local field potentials of 10 patients with PD were recorded from the subthalamic nucleus. The dynamic neural states of multiple oscillations were discriminated and analyzed. The Spearman correlation was used to investigate the correlations between occurrence rate or duration of dynamic neural states and the severity of motor symptoms.ResultsThe proportion of long low-beta and theta synchronized state was significantly correlated with the general motor symptom and tremor, respectively. The duration of combined low/high-beta state was significantly correlated with rigidity, and the duration of combined alpha/high-beta state was significantly correlated with bradykinesia.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that motor symptoms are associated with the neural states coded with multiple oscillations in PD.SignificanceThis study may advance the understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms of the motor symptoms and provide potential biomarkers for closed-loop deep brain stimulation in PD.     

Cost-effectiveness of maternal immunization against neonatal invasive Group B Streptococcus in the Netherlands

BackgroundNeonatal invasive Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection causes considerable disease burden in the Netherlands. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) prevents early-onset disease (EOD), but has no effect on late-onset disease (LOD). A potential maternal GBS vaccine could prevent both EOD and LOD by conferring immunity in neonates.ObjectiveExplore under which circumstances maternal vaccination against GBS would be cost-effective as an addition to, or replacement for the current risk factor-based IAP prevention strategy in the Netherlands.MethodsWe assessed the maximum cost-effective price per dose of a trivalent (serotypes Ia, Ib, and III) and hexavalent (additional serotypes II, IV, and V) GBS vaccine in addition to, or as a replacement for IAP. To project the prevented costs and disease burden, a decision tree model was developed to reflect neonatal GBS disease and long-term health outcomes among a cohort based on 169,836 live births in the Netherlands in 2017.ResultsUnder base-case conditions, maternal immunization with a trivalent vaccine would gain 186 QALYs and prevent more than €3.1 million in health care costs when implemented in addition to IAP. Immunization implemented as a replacement for IAP would gain 88 QALYs compared to the current prevention strategy, prevent €1.5 million in health care costs, and avoid potentially ~ 30,000 IAP administrations. The base-case results correspond to a maximum price of €58 per dose (vaccine + administration costs; using a threshold of €20,000/QALY). Expanding the serotype coverage to a hexavalent vaccine would only have a limited additional impact on the cost-effectiveness in the Netherlands.ConclusionsA maternal GBS vaccine could be cost-effective when implemented in addition to the current risk factor-based IAP prevention strategy in the Netherlands. Discontinuation of IAP would save costs and prevent antibiotic use, however, is projected to lead to a lower health gain compared to vaccination in addition to IAP.